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A woman looks at a forest fire in the Chefchaouine region of northern Morocco on August 15, 2021. One effect of global warming will be an increase in heat waves in some areas, which is a risk factor for forest fires. (Image credit: FADEL SENNA/AFP via Getty Images)
What Will Happen Because Of Global Warming
The effects of global warming can be seen and felt all over the world. Global warming, the gradual warming of the Earth’s surface, oceans, and atmosphere, is caused by human activities, primarily the burning of fossil fuels, which releases carbon dioxide (CO2), methane, and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. is pumping.
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“We can see it in real time in many places,” Joseph Vern, a professor of geology and environmental sciences at the University of Pittsburgh, told Live Science. Ice melts on both polar ice caps and mountain glaciers. The world’s lakes, including Lake Superior, are warming rapidly — in some cases faster than the surrounding environment. Animals change their migration patterns, and plants change their timing. activity
The graph shows global temperatures during the ten warmest years on record. (Image credit: NOAA) (Opens in new tab)
One of the most direct and obvious consequences of global warming is global warming. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the average global temperature has risen by about 1.4 degrees Fahrenheit (0.8 degrees Celsius) over the past 100 years.
Since records began in 1895, 2016 was the hottest year on record worldwide, according to data from NOAA and NASA (opens in a new tab). In that year, the Earth’s surface temperature was 0.99 degrees Celsius higher than the average for the entire 20th century. Before 2016, 2015 was the warmest year worldwide. And before 2015? Yes, 2014. In fact, according to NOAA’s 2021 Global Climate Report (opens in new tab), in fact, all 10 warmest years on record have occurred since 2005, with 2013 being the 10th warmest. is The 6 warmest years in the world are combined (from warmest to not warmest): 2020, 2019, 2015, 2017 and 2021.
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According to NOAA, 2016 was the second warmest year in the United States and Alaska and the 20th consecutive year that the annual mean surface temperature exceeded the 122-year average since records began. Record-breaking temperatures in the United States are becoming more and more common: in June 2021, for example, 15.2% of the United States’ neighboring states had their hottest temperatures for that month. National Centers for Environmental Information (opens in a new tab).
Hurricane Ian, a Category 4 storm, will make landfall in Florida on September 26, 2022, as seen from the International Space Station. (Image credit: NASA Earth Observatory) (Opens in new tab)
As global average temperatures warm, weather patterns are changing. Extreme weather is a direct result of global warming.
These extremes come in many different flavors. Paradoxically, one effect of climate change may be colder than normal winters in some regions.
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As a result of climate change, the polar jet stream – the boundary between cold Arctic air and warm tropical air – is migrating south, bringing cold Arctic air with it. That’s why some states could experience cold snaps or colder-than-normal winters even during long-term global warming trends, Verne explained.
Vern received his doctorate in geological sciences from Northwestern University in 2000, with a concentration in biogeochemistry. From 2000 to 2002, he was a postdoctoral researcher at the Reel-Netherlands Institute of Marine Research and, before joining the department, was a supervisor of large lakes in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at Minnesota State University and the Chem. and Biochemistry was (Assistant/Associate Professor) in the Department. In 2012. Verne spent a year in Perth, Australia, as a Senior Fellow at the Institute for Advanced Studies at the University of Western Australia and a Visiting Scientist at the Center for Organic and Isotope Geochemistry at Curtin University, Western Australia. as
Climate, by definition, is the long-term average of weather over many years. A single cold (or hot) year or season has little to do with the overall climate. This is when these cold (or hot) years occur most often. We’re starting to recognize this as regular climate change, rather than an unusual weather year,” he said.
Global warming is also changing other extreme weather patterns. According to NOAA’s Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (opens in new tab), hurricanes are becoming more intense on average in a warming world. Most computer models suggest that the frequency of storms will remain roughly the same (or even decrease), but those storms that do form may drop more rain because warmer air holds more moisture.
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“And even if they become less frequent globally, hurricanes can still be more common in some regions,” said atmospheric scientist Adam Sobel, author of Hurricane Surge: Hurricane Sandy, Our Changing Climate, and the Extreme Past and Future Severe weather said the author. Hurricane Sandy, our changing climate, and past and future severe weather). (Opens in a new tab)” (HarperWave, 2014). “In addition, scientists believe that hurricanes will become more intense due to climate change.” Gains from temperature difference Global warming increases this temperature difference.
Sobel, a professor in Columbia University’s Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, said: “Because the most damage is done by the most severe typhoons — like Typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines in 2013 — it means that typhoons will generally become more destructive.” , and applied physics and applied mathematics. (Storms are called typhoons in the North Pacific and hurricanes in the South Pacific and Indian Ocean.)
In addition, future hurricanes will damage coastal areas already prone to flooding due to rising sea levels due to climate change. This means that a given storm is likely to cause more damage than it would in a world without global warming.
Lightning bolts light up the sky in Montevideo, Uruguay on February 20, 2022. (Image credit: Mariana Suarez/AFP via Getty Images)
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Lightning is another weather feature that is affected by global warming. According to a 2014 study (opens in new tab), lightning strikes in the United States are expected to increase by 50% by 2100 if global temperatures continue to rise. The study’s researchers found a 12% increase in electrical activity for every 1.8 F (1 C) of warming in the atmosphere. NOAA developed the US Climate Extremes Index (opens in new tab) (CEI) in 1996 to track extreme weather events. According to the CEI, the past four decades have seen an increase in the number of extreme weather events that are among the most unusual in the historical record. Scientists predict that extreme weather events such as heat waves, droughts, blizzards and rains will occur more frequently and with greater intensity due to global warming, according to Climate Central (opens in new tab). Climate models predict that global warming will cause significant changes in climate patterns around the world. These changes are likely to include significant changes in wind patterns, annual precipitation, and seasonal temperature changes. These effects vary by location and geography. For example, according to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (opens in new tab), the eastern part of the United States has become wetter over time, while the west – and especially the southwest – dried up Because high levels of greenhouse gases are likely to remain in the atmosphere for many years, these changes are expected to take decades or longer, according to the EPA.
This aerial photo shows glaciers and meltwater in front of the Russell Glacier near Kangerlussuaq, Greenland on September 8, 2021. (Photo credit: Mario Tama/Getty Images) (Opens in new tab)
One of the first manifestations of climate change so far is melting. According to a 2016 study published in the journal Current Environmental Change Reports, North America, Europe, and Asia saw a declining trend in snow cover between 1960 and 2015. (opens in new tab) According to the National Snow and Ice Data Center, there is 10% less permafrost (opens in new tab), or permanently frozen ground, now in the Northern Hemisphere than there was in the 1900s. Warming permafrost can cause landslides and other sudden landslides. It can also release long-buried microbes, as in the 2016 case where a reservoir of reindeer carcasses swelled and caused anthrax.
One of the most dramatic effects of global warming is the loss of Arctic sea ice. In the fall and winter of 2015, sea ice reached record lows, which means ice is expected
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