Who Was The Twenty Third President Of The United States – Benjamin Harrison followed his grandfather William Henry Harrison’s remarkable example to the White House and in 1888 won election as the nation’s 23rd president. His support for protectionism led to the rise in consumer prices and probably paved the way for the country. The coming economic hardship, his bold pursuit of American foreign policy goals (including his proposal to annex the Hawaiian Islands) demonstrated his vision of the nation’s role in the affairs of the United States.
In 1890, Harrison signed the Sherman Antitrust Act, the first piece of legislation designed to outlaw the industry of trusts. Before the end of his first term, Harrison’s support waned even within the Republican Party. In 1892, he lost his re-election bid to Grover Cleveland by a large margin; he was active in public life as a lawyer and public speaker until his death in 1901.
Who Was The Twenty Third President Of The United States
Harrison was born in North Bend, Ohio, on August 20, 1833; he grew up on a farm near the Ohio River below Cincinnati. His father, John Harrison, was a farmer, and his grandfather, William Henry Harrison, was elected the ninth president of the United States in 1840, but died of pneumonia just a month after taking office. Benjamin Harrison graduated from Miami University in Oxford, Ohio in 1852 and married Caroline Lavinia Scott the following year; The couple will have two children. After studying law in Cincinnati, Harrison moved to Indianapolis, Indiana in 1854 and established his own practice.
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Did you know? Benjamin Harrison was the last Civil War general to serve as President of the United States. He stood five feet six inches tall and was nicknamed “Little Ben” by his opponents.
Although his father warned Benjamin about the pressures of life in politics, his wife encouraged his political ambitions. Active in Indiana politics, young Harrison joined the newly formed Republican Party, which was founded on opposition to slavery and its expansion into the western territories. He supported the first Republican presidential candidates, John C. Frémont in 1856 and Abraham Lincoln in 1860. When the Civil War broke out in 1861, Harrison joined the Union Army to be a lieutenant in the 70th Indiana Volunteer Infantry Regiment, and he would get it. The rank of brevet brigadier general in 1865.
Returning to Indiana after the war ended, Harrison continued his law practice and political career, unsuccessfully campaigning for the Republican gubernatorial nomination in 1872. Four years later, he won the nomination but lost a close race in the general election.
From 1881 to 1887, Harrison represented Indiana in the United States Senate, arguing for the rights of homesteaders and Native Americans against the expansion of the railroad industry and, among other things, campaigned for generous pensions for Civil War veterans. An ideological and deeply religious man, Harrison broke with the Republican Party to protest the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 (which aimed to close the United States to Chinese immigrants) as a violation of civil rights. the Chinese in the prior agreement; the event went without his support.
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Harrison lost his Senate seat after the Democrats won the Indiana legislature in 1887, only to win the Republican nomination for president the following year. Instead of touring the country on the campaign trail, he gave several speeches to visiting delegations in Indianapolis – the first example of what he called “front campaigns”. the electoral college, receiving 233 votes to Cleveland’s 168 for victories in the key states of New York and Indiana. Harrison’s opponents later suggested that his campaign bought votes to win).
During Harrison’s term in the White House, the effects of the economic depression led to calls for more extensive federal legislation. A longtime conservationist, Harrison supported the passage of the McKinley Tariff Act in 1890 (sponsored by Ohio Congressman and future President William McKinley). For the first time in peacetime, Congress appropriated a billion dollars during Harrison’s administration, angering many Americans who saw the president and his fellow Republicans as supporting the interests of the wealthy.
On the other hand, Harrison gave his support to the Sherman Silver Purchase Act, which required the government to purchase 4.5 million pieces of silver per month, and bowed to pressure from agrarians and reformers by signing the Sherman Act. Antitrust Law, which is designed to strengthen. industrial combinations or trusts prohibited. (Ohio Senator John Sherman supported both initiatives.) Harrison also continued his support of veterans’ interests as well as his advocacy for forest conservation and the expansion of the US Navy.
In the area of foreign policy, the Harrison administration (including President and Secretary of State James G. Blaine) demonstrated increased American influence in world affairs. The First International Conference of American States (later the Pan American Union) was held in Washington, D.C. in late 1889. held. In addition, negotiations with Germany and Harrison’s Department of Foreign Affairs to Great Britain to establish conditions for an American protectorate in the Samoan Islands. against Great Britain and Canada to prevent overharvesting of seals in the Bering Sea. However, Harrison failed in his efforts to convince Congress to support the construction of a canal in Nicaragua, as well as in his efforts to annex Hawaii in 1893.
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For re-election in 1892, Harrison struggled to overcome popular discontent, including labor strikes. In the general election, he faced Grover Cleveland again, with a third-party challenge from the Populist Party, or People’s, Party. The announcement that Caroline Harrison was seriously ill led to a modest campaign effort by both men and caused Harrison to limit his appearances in the major swing states, leading to his defeat. Caroline died of tuberculosis in late October, and two weeks later Harrison lost to Cleveland by a vote of 145 to 277, the largest margin of victory in 20 years.
After leaving the White House, Harrison returned to Indianapolis and his law practice. At the age of 62 he married Mary Lord Dimmick, his late wife’s niece and guardian; they had one child. In 1898, Harrison served as Venezuela’s chief adviser in mediating a border dispute with Great Britain. He died of pneumonia in 1901, after spending nearly a decade as a respected senior statesman and popular orator.
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